Standards-anchored reference to primary IFRS and FASB text. Not accounting advice.
AI Capitalisation
Cost line / engineering

MLOps and data pipeline

Head note

MLOps and pipeline spend splits between building and running. Engineering a durable orchestration or data pipeline for a defined internal use can be capitalised as internal-use software under ASC 350-40 or a development-phase intangible under IAS 38. Operating, monitoring and maintaining the pipeline once live is expensed.

1

Routing by framework

IFRS / IAS 38CONDITIONAL

Pipeline and orchestration tooling built for a defined internal use can be capitalised in development phase; operating and maintenance activity is expensed.

Gate: Development-phase build versus operating cost
US GAAPCONDITIONAL

Pipeline engineering that meets the internal-use software definition can be capitalised in the application-development stage; monitoring and maintenance are expensed.

Gate: Application-development build versus operation
2

Build versus run

The capex-versus-opex line is the build-versus-run line. A funded, feasible project to build new pipeline capability produces qualifying development-phase or application-development cost; keeping the pipeline running, patching it and monitoring it is a period cost ASC 350-40350-40-25.

3

Allocating shared effort

Engineers frequently split time between building new capability and operating existing systems. Reliable measurement requires a defensible time-allocation basis so that only the directly attributable build effort is capitalisedIAS 38§66.

Worked example: a new feature pipelineIllustrative example, not client data

A platform team spends a quarter half on a new feature-engineering pipeline and half on running existing jobs. With time records supporting the split, the build half is capitalised as internal-use software and the run half is expensed. All figures are illustrative.

Sources of record
  1. S1IAS 38 Intangible Assets, IFRS Foundation (IFRS). https://www.ifrs.org/issued-standards/list-of-standards/ias-38-intangible-assets/
  2. S2Handbook: Software and website costs (ASC 350-40 internal-use software), KPMG (US GAAP). https://kpmg.com/us/en/frv/reference-library/2026/handbook-software-website-costs.html
Standards-anchored reference · not accounting adviceRevised 2026-07-24